Terminal & Shell
Terminal is just the interface of the shell, and to other command line programs that will be running inside it. Kind of like how the web browser is an interface to websites and services.
Echo
chaunceydong@Chaunceys-MacBook-Pro ~ % echo Hello, Shell!
Hello, Shell!
# !! means repeat the previous command
chaunceydong@Chaunceys-MacBook-Pro ~ % echo Hello, Shell!!
echo Hello, Shellecho Hello, Shell!
Hello, Shellecho Hello, Shell!
chaunceydong@Chaunceys-MacBook-Pro ~ % echo Hello, Shellecho Hello, Shell!
Hello, Shellecho Hello, Shell!
chaunceydong@Chaunceys-MacBook-Pro ~ % echo 'Hello, Shell!!'
Hello, Shell!!
Directory & Files
directory ~= folder
ls: List the files in the directory.cd: Change Directorypwd: Print Working Directorymkdir: Make (Creates) directories.mv: Move files from a directory to another.cat: View file content.less: View file content screen by screen.
space: next page, B: back, /: Search, q: quit
rm: Delete files. (SAFRErm -i)rmdir: Delete directories.grep: “global regular expression print,” processes text line by line and prints any lines which match a specified pattern
-c: count
wc: “short for word count” reads either standard input or a list of files and generates one or more of the following statistics: newline count, word count, and byte count
chaunceydong@Chaunceys-MacBook-Pro ~ % ls
Applications Public
CLionProjects PycharmProjects
Desktop Virtual Machines.localized
Documents eclipse
Downloads eclipse-workspace
Dropbox nltk_data
Enfi_Downloads opt
Library rsa_private_key.pem
Movies rsa_public_key.pem
Music seaborn-data
OneDrive tk.csv
Pictures
chaunceydong@Chaunceys-MacBook-Pro ~ % ls Desktop
$RECYCLE.BIN
2020-05-13- 2 copy.md
2020-05-13-OOP & C++.md
2020-05-13.md
3000
GRE填空机经1250题解析.pdf
Thumbs.db
WechatIMG38.jpeg
desktop.ini
大连理工_董传林_Black-Schles&ARIMA.docx
# -l = long list:
# Info shwon: The name of each listed file or directory; The date and time that a file was last modified; The size of a file, in bytes.
chaunceydong@Chaunceys-MacBook-Pro ~ % ls -l Desktop
total 15024
drwxr-xr-x@ 3 chaunceydong staff 96 Dec 27 23:05 $RECYCLE.BIN
-rw-r--r--@ 1 chaunceydong staff 456 May 13 13:09 2020-05-13- 2 copy.md
-rw-r--r--@ 1 chaunceydong staff 2507 May 23 22:05 2020-05-13-OOP & C++.md
-rw-r--r--@ 1 chaunceydong staff 456 May 14 15:46 2020-05-13.md
-rw-r--r--@ 1 chaunceydong staff 1000 Mar 1 14:56 3000
-rw-r--r--@ 1 chaunceydong staff 1012 Apr 7 18:26 GRE填空机经1250题解析.pdf
-rwxr-xr-x@ 1 chaunceydong staff 433152 May 22 01:40 Thumbs.db
-rw-------@ 1 chaunceydong staff 96359 Apr 28 15:37 WechatIMG38.jpeg
-rwxr-xr-x@ 1 chaunceydong staff 282 Jan 13 14:14 desktop.ini
-rwxrwxrwx@ 1 chaunceydong staff 7107022 May 15 00:55 大连理工_董传林_Black-Schles&ARIMA.docx
# find all .md file
chaunceydong@Chaunceys-MacBook-Pro ~ % ls -l Desktop/*.md
-rw-r--r--@ 1 chaunceydong staff 456 May 13 13:09 Desktop/2020-05-13- 2 copy.md
-rw-r--r--@ 1 chaunceydong staff 2507 May 23 22:05 Desktop/2020-05-13-OOP & C++.md
-rw-r--r--@ 1 chaunceydong staff 456 May 14 15:46 Desktop/2020-05-13.md
chaunceydong@Chaunceys-MacBook-Pro ~ % cd Movies; ls
Captures Videos desktop.ini
chaunceydong@Chaunceys-MacBook-Pro Movies % pwd
/Users/chaunceydong/Movies
# .. = Parent Directory ; . = Current Directory
chaunceydong@Chaunceys-MacBook-Pro Movies % cd ..; ls
Applications Public
CLionProjects PycharmProjects
Desktop Virtual Machines.localized
Documents eclipse
Downloads eclipse-workspace
Dropbox nltk_data
Enfi_Downloads opt
Library rsa_private_key.pem
Movies rsa_public_key.pem
Music seaborn-data
OneDrive tk.csv
Pictures
# ~ = Home Directory
chaunceydong@Chaunceys-MacBook-Pro ~ % cd ~; ls
Applications Public
CLionProjects PycharmProjects
Desktop Virtual Machines.localized
Documents eclipse
Downloads eclipse-workspace
Dropbox nltk_data
Enfi_Downloads opt
Library rsa_private_key.pem
Movies rsa_public_key.pem
Music seaborn-data
OneDrive tk.csv
Pictures
# create a folder named writing
chaunceydong@Chaunceys-MacBook-Pro ~ % mkdir Desktop/writing
# move all .md files into writing folder
chaunceydong@Chaunceys-MacBook-Pro ~ % mv Desktop/*.md Desktop/writing
# grep dictionary.txt and pipe it to less
grep shell dictionary.txt | less
URL
CURL: See URL, is used in command lines or scripts to transfer data.
